The structures were determined on the basis of NMR and MS analysis. Spiciformicin b showed potent cytotoxicity (IC50, <9 microg/ml against HL-60) in contrast to no cytotoxicity (IC50, >200 microg/ml against HL-60 cells) of spiciformicin a with a cis-conjugated dienyl diexomethylene.Ergothioneine depletion in rabbit erythrocytes and its effect on methemoglobin Botryolins A and B, two tetramethylsqualene triethers from the green microalga Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Two new triterpenoid polyethers with a tetramethylsqualene carbon skeleton, botryolins A and B, have been isolated from the green microalga Botryococcus braunii. Their structures were determined by means of spectral analyses Absolute Configuration of Hydroxysqualene. An Intermediate in Bacterial Hopanoid Squalene (SQ) is a key intermediate in hopanoid biosynthesis. ordinary squalane cleanser from farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) in three steps: FPP to (1R,2R,3R)-presqualene diphosphate (PSPP), (1R,2R,3R)-PSPP to hydroxysqualene (HSQ), and HSQ to SQ. Chemical, biochemical, and spectroscopic methods were used to establish that HSQ synthase synthesizes (S)-HSQ. In squalane oil benefits , eukaryotic squalene synthase catalyzes solvolysis of (1R,2R,3R)-PSPP to give (R)-HSQ. The bacterial enzyme that reduces HSQ to SQ does not accept (R)-HSQ as a substrate.Studies on ergothioneine. VII. Some effects on ergothioneine on glycolytic metabolism in red blood cells from rats.Kawano H, Higuchi F, Mayumi T, Hama T. Radioprotective effect of ergothioneine on gamma-irradiation of metmyoglobin: comparison with cysteine on sulfmyoglobin-formation.Motohashi N, Mori I, Sugiura Y, Tanaka H.Some observations of the nature, origin and possible function of the squalene and other hydrocarbons of human sebum.BOUGHTON B, HODGSON-JONES IS, MACKENNA RM, WHEATLEY VR, WORMALL A.Role of ergothioneine and catalase in infection by ergot fungus (Claviceps Turbinaric acid, a cytotoxic secosqualene carboxylic acid from the brown alga A moderately cytotoxic secosqualene carboxylic acid designated turbinaric acid [1] has been isolated from the brown alga Turbinaria ornata, and it has been identified to be 4,8,13,17,21-pentamethyl-4,8,12,16,20-docosapentaenoic acid by means of spectral analysis and synthesis.Molecular dynamics study to identify the reactive sites of a liquid squalane Molecular dynamics simulations of liquid squalane, C30H62, were performed, focusing in particular on the liquid-vacuum interface. These theoretical studies were aimed at identifying potentially reactive sites on the surface, knowledge of which is important for a number of inelastic and reactive scattering experiments. A united atom force field (Martin, M. G.; Siepmann, J. I. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 4508-4517) was used, and the simulations were analyzed with respect to their interfacial properties. A modest but clearly identifiable preference for methyl groups to protrude into the vacuum has been found at lower temperatures. This effect decreases when going to higher temperatures. Additional simulations tracking the flight paths of projectiles directed at a number of randomly chosen surfaces extracted from the molecular dynamics simulations were performed. The geometrical parameters for these calculations were chosen to imitate a typical abstraction reaction, such as the reaction between ground-state oxygen atoms and hydrocarbons. Despite the preference for methyl groups to protrude further into the vacuum, Monte Carlo tracking simulations suggest, on geometric grounds, that primary and secondary hydrogen atoms are roughly equally likely to react with incoming gas-phase atoms. These geometric simulations also indicate that a substantial fraction of the scattered products is likely to undergo at least one secondary collision with hydrocarbon side chains. These results help to interpret the outcome of previous measurements of the internal and external energy distribution of the gas-phase OH products of the interfacial reaction between oxygen atoms and liquid auranofin with ergothionine, imidazolidine-2-thione and diazinane-2-thione.imidazolidine-2-thione (Imt) and diazinane-2-thione (Diaz) has been studied C<](+) type complexes. The displaced SATg(-) is oxidized to its disulfide in the 31P NMR spectrum, after 10 days of the addition of ErS, after 19 days of the addition of Imt and after 6 days of the addition of Diaz, to auranofin solution showing that the thiones react with auranofin very slowly.Occurrence of squalene, di- and tetrahydrosqualenes, and vitamin MK8 in an extremely halophilic bacterium, Halobacterium cutirubrun.Tornabene TG, Kates M, Gelpi E, Oro J.The nonpolar (acetone-soluble) lipids of the extremely halophilic bacterium, Halobacterium cutirubrum, were found to consist of red carotenoid pigments (43%) and squalenes (48%) with a small amount of a vitamin K-type quinone. The squalenes were shown by n. m.r. and mass spectra to consist of the fully terminal reduced isoprenyl group. The vitamin K-type quinone was shown by n.m.r. and mass spectra to have a C(40) isoprenoid side chain, and is thus identified Studies of sebum. IV.
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